Abstract
The worldwide incidence of kidney adenocarcinoma is the largest in the Czech Republic for unknown reasons. Mortality has been however reduced in recent years due to early detection and radical creatment of the early stages.
A not very rare cause for the development of kidney adenocarcinoma is hereditary burden, most often von Hippel-Lindau syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance. The detection of kidney neoplasia is very often a random discovery as a secondary finding of imaging methods.
The most common encountered histological type is clear cell carcinoma based from the proximal kidney tubule. The basic radical method to remove a renal tumour remains a surgical solution - radical or partial nephrectomy.
In the oncological treatment of metastatic disease, we still rely on targeted treatment with VEGF inhibitors (= vascular endothelial growth factor) and mTOR inhibitors (= mammalian target of rapamycin), but immunotherapy with check-point inhibitors is getting in the front.