Autoimmune encephalitis represent a heterogenous group of diseases which is based on an immune response against neuronal autoantigens with production of antibodies. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is characterised by diffused involvement of cortical and subcorticale structures and represents the most frequent type of autoimmune encephalitis in adults which can manifest also in children and adolescents.
We present a case report of a seventeen-year-old boy with severe anti-NMDAR encephalitis and typical initial psychiatric symptomatology.