Abstract
The article addresses the debate that took place on the pages of Literární noviny during 1967 and whose subject was the Czech translation of Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex (1966). The participants in the debate were Jan Patočka, Ivan Sviták, Irena Dubská and Helena Klímová.
From the argumentation in the article we can see that two basic approaches to the advancement of gender equality emerge from the debate, which we could roughly define on the basis of the antithesis of "sameness versus difference". At the same time, the article situates the individual contributions to the debate in the context of the specialist discourse of the 1960s that dealt with the issue of gender equality in relation to the gender policy of the socialist state, for whom the gender agenda was one of its main ideological pillars.