Abstract
The risk factors for asthma and its exacerbations in childhood are discussed. The genetic factors and environmental risk factors.
These are biogenic, including influence of allergens - house dust mites, animal allergens, pollen and mould allergens, microbial - bacterial and viral. Environmental risk factors - industrial and traffic pollution, tobacco smoke exposure, risk factors of inappropriate alimentation, obesity.
The preventive measures of particular risk factors are considered, primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Paediatricians, allergists and pneumologists should strive for a greatest possible prevention of allergic and nonallergic asthma.