Abstract
After Hungarians had left their original homeland(s) by the Urals, they always lived in a multicultural and multiethnic environment - up to the 20th century. Even in the foundations of the Hungarian state, namely in St.
Stephan's mirror of princes, there is an expressed desire for multiculturalism. The critical point came during the romantic reaction to the Austrian attempts to unify the language of administration in the whole empire.
Hungarians followed the European patterns of the national revival with the concept of competing linguistically defined national states.