Evaluation of the Number of Follow-up Surgical Procedures and Time Required for Delayed Breast Reconstruction by Clinical Risk Factors, Type of Oncological Therapy, and Reconstruction Approach
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Breast reconstructive surgery is often a multistage process. The aim was to understand which factors might increase the number of follow-up surgeries and the length of time required to complete the reconstruction process.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed. Clinical data of 110 patients who underwent delayed postmastectomy breast reconstruction with a 5-year examination period were reviewed retrospectively.
Impact of clinical risk factors, oncological therapy, and reconstruction approach on the number of surgeries and the length of required time was analyzed. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used.
RESULTS: In patients undergoing perioperative hormone therapy, an average of 2.9 surgeries and length of 20.2 months were required compared to 2.3 surgeries and 14.0 months in patients without hormone therapy (P = 0.003; P = 0.005). Previous abdominal surgery was associated with an increased number of breast reconstruction stages of 3.1 per patient (P = 0.056) and a longer reconstruction time of 23.0 months (P = 0.050).
Patients undergoing nipple reconstruction or implant revision required an increased number of surgeries (P < 0.001; P = 0.012) and a longer reconstruction time (P = 0.002; P < 0.001). Contralateral breast surgery and flap revision were associated only with an increased number of surgeries (P < 0.001; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Perioperative hormone therapy was associated with a significantly higher number of surgeries and duration of time required to complete the reconstruction process. The highest increase in the number of surgeries was in patients with flap revision including anastomosis revision and necrectomy.