Abstract
ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. The main symptoms include hyperactivity, impulsivity or inattention and difficulties with self-control.
Furthermore, it is very often associated with difficulties in the field of executive functions, including problems with the perception of time. Problems with time perception most often result as problems with planning, whether in terms of setting short-term goals or simple planning of how much time is needed to complete a simple task.
However, these seemingly trivial deficits can cause significant problems in everyday life. Very little is currently known about the relationship between ADHD symptoms and the perception of time in adults, although it is most likely a diagnostically and therapeutically important connection.
There is currently a growing interest in investigating the association between neural and behavioral manifestations of ADHD, as neurological studies have shown many anatomical differences. Recent studies have also found that when individuals with ADHD take medication, their perceptions of time tend to normalize.
ADHD is associated not only with significant differences related to the perception of time, but also differences within the time perspective. The time perspective can be perceived as an individual characteristic, including cognitive, motivational, emotional and social processes.
One of the well-known concepts for measuring time perspective is the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), which includes a total of five dimensions: negative past, positive past, hedonistic present, fatalistic present and future. Currently, perception time and time perspective in people with ADHD comes to the forefront of research and thus brings new aspects of ADHD.
A better understanding of ADHD in adulthood can lead to improved therapeutic approaches and effective help to improve the quality of life in the ADHD population.