Transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of fetal pelvis to detect anorectal malformation during second trimester

Abstract

Anorectal malformations (ARM) represent a group of anomalies with a challenging prenatal diagnosis. Most anorectal malformations remain undiagnosed until birth.

Even for cases diagnosed in utero, the precise description of pelvic organ anatomy might cause difficulties1. A key feature of ARM is a maldeveloped or absent anus accompanied by the underdevelopment of anal sphincter musculature.

Keywords

• External genitalia
• fetus
• transvaginal ultrasound
• fetal pelvis
• second trimester