NoSQL databases support an ability to handle large volumes of data at the absence of an explicit data schema. On the other hand, schema information is some-times essential for applications during data retrieval.
Consequently, there are approaches to schema construction in the JSON DB and graph DB communities. The difference between a conceptual and database schema is often vague in this case.
We use functional constructs - attributes for a conceptual view on DB and sufficiently structured approach for expressing semantics of document and graph data. Such typed functional data objects can be manipulated by terms of a typed λ-calculus providing powerful non-procedural query features for considered data structures.