Abstract
Precipitation reactions of the cast Al-3.4 at%Mg-2.7 at%Zn-0.80 at%Cu-0.10 at%Fe-0.05 at%Si alloy with and without addition of 0.14 at%Sc and 0.06 at%Zr were characterized by electrical resistometry, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, microhardness testing, and positron annihilation. The AlMgZnCuScZr alloy contains a grain boundary T-phase (Mg-32(Al,Cu,Zn)(49)) with a cubic and/or quasicrystalline structure.
The AlMgZnCu alloy contains a mixture of MgZn2- and the T-phase. Primary multilayer Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles precipitated during casting and subsequent cooling.
The particles have a layered Al-3(Sc,Zr) + alpha-Al + Al-3(Sc,Zr) structure, i.e. consist of regions enriched with both Sc and Zr. Small atomic Mg,Zn(,Cu)-rich clusters coherent with the matrix were formed during the cooling of both alloys and/or in the course of their storage at ambient temperature.
Their dissolution enables precipitation of the transient eta '- and/or stable eta-phases of the AlZnMgCu system in both investigated alloys. The effective activation energy for the dissolution of the clusters was calculated as similar to 103 kJ/mol.
Annealing of the AlMgZnCuScZr alloy above 300 degrees C leads to a formation of the secondary Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles which cause precipitation hardening and guarantee thermal stability of mechanical properties. Addition of Sc and Zr micro alloying elements resulted in a substantial grain refinement.
The grain size remains unchanged up to isochronal annealing at 390 degrees C.