We present a model where all fermions are contained in a single irreducible representation of an SU(19) gauge symmetry group. If there is only one scalar field, Yukawa interactions are controlled by a single number rather than by one or more 3 x 3 matrices of couplings.
The low-energy concept of flavor emerges entirely from the scalar-sector parameters; more specifically, entries of the Standard Model Yukawa matrices are controlled by several vacuum expectation values. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.