Het sn-t3 ritueel : Het kussen van de aarde. De Ptolemaische vorst betuigt eer aan de goden van Egypte

Abstract

The paper investigates the sn-t3 ("kissing the earth") ritual, executed by the foreign ruler, and in particular the Ptolemaic Basileus, before the deities of Egypt. Following a general overview of reliefs and accompanying texts upon the walls of temples from the Ptolemaic and Roman Era, the paper focuses in particular on the occurrence of the sn-t3 ritual in the early Ptolemaic Period and its precursors from New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period times.

Keywords

• Ptolemaic-Roman period
• New Kingdom
• Ritual
• Religion
• Temple cult
• Prostration