The paper analyses two examples of religious "coexistence" and perception of confession in the Upper Lusatia in the time of confessions ("Konfessionalisierung"). Firstly, it examines the Lauban burgomaster Matthias Scheufler and the rapport on his conversion as an example of conflicts in the urban milieu, secondly the serfs and parish priests of the monastery of St. marienthal and their conflicts above all in the beginning of the 1620s.