Abstract
The introductory part of the study deals with the change in the official value guid-ance in the "Second Republic", the traditions of which continued in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. Especially, it emphasizes the return of romantic view of the village and the farmer as apparent sources of national individuality.
However, after the Munich Agreement, this outdated view interconnected with Nazi agrarianism. Both the Third Reich and the Protectorate adored ruralism, and revitalized folk customs and na-tional costumes.
High attention was paid to ethnographic festivals which, in the period of the Protectorate, were organized by National Partnership, Orel, natives' associations, the Board of Trustees for the Education of Youth, and mainly the Ethnographic Moravia, an organization aimed to emphasize tribal dissimilarities of "Moravian Slovaks" and to break the unity of Czechness. These struggles were largely supported by the German University in Prague, and they were part of the Germanisation policy in the "Czech" space.
The ethnographic exhibitions organized by the Ethnographic Moravia, and the ex-hibition called Germany in National Costumes (1942), organized by Prague Oberlandrat, featured similar focus. In contrast to them, the events organized by National Partnership, Orel, and natives' associations aimed to support the Protectorate government and to promote folk culture as a source of Czechness, tolerated by the Nazi, at its cultural level.