This book is the result of the work carried out during the four seminars organized as part of a Franco-Czech bilateral cooperation project between 2017 and 2019. It contains the contributions of professors and researchers from the University of Paris II Panthéon-Assas and Charles University in Prague, including staff from the Center for Research on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law (CRDH/Paris Human Rights Center) in Paris and the Center for Research on Human Rights (UNCE/ HUM/011) from Prague.