Delusional misidentification syndrome is an umbrella term for disorders of identification of predominantly persons, but also places, objects or events, accompanied particularly by delusional belief in the existence of doppelgängers, with Capgras and Fregoli syndromes amongst the most common phenomena within the syndrome. Following article provides a brief summary of current knowledge on these conditions along with two case reports of patients treated in our ward during spring 2021 and discussion of possible clinical and neurobiological implications.