Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory illnesses affecting the gastrointestinal tract. While the first part of this paper focused on IBD from aetiology to establishing the diagnosis, this part focuses on treatment and complications of IBD.
Treatment should be guided by ESPGHAN (European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) guidelines. Treatment goals consist of reaching and maintaining remission.
This can be achieved in case of Crohn's disease (CD) with nutritional intervention, in addition to pharmacotherapy and in certain indicated cases with surgical intervention. Stricture formations and fistulas are among possible CD complications.
Ulcerative colitis is associated with risk of development of acute severe colitis (ASC) or toxic megacolon.