Abstract
The study is focused on the dynamic response of head and thoracic area of an anthropomorphic test device (ATD) during low-impact collisions with a tram. Two collision scenarios were analysed: the frontal impact (a chest as a primary contact area) and side impact (a thigh as a primary contact area).
The measurements used a pedestrian dummy (Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy, Jasti Co., ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and a unique pendulum impact testing machine (impactor) of own design. The crash tests were conducted at various impact intensities (velocities) into the chest and left thigh of dummy.
The primary outcome variable was a resultant magnitude of acceleration measured in the area of thoracic vertebra Th5 and on the vertex of head. The differences between both areas of interest were analysed as well.
The results provide the analysis of dynamic behaviour of head and chest of the dummy at low impacts, the validation of impactor for crash-test analyses and a possible way to verify the use of dummy in similar experimental settings.