This chapter in the new, extensive anthology of Irish-language poetry from medieval to modern times explores poetic output in the three decades in mid-twentieth century when the basis of modern poetry in the language was laid by figures such as Máirtín Ó Direáin, Máire Mhac an tSaoi, Seán Ó Ríordáin, and Eoghan Ó Tuairisc. Remarkably, works by these authors testify to a much greater readiness to adopt techniques and themes associated with modernism than those by their Anglophone peers writing around the same time.