Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether there was a change in the psychological profile of a group of patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. By means of a structured questionnaire, not only was the change in self-awareness and extraversion, but it was also assessed whether the change in the psychological profile was dependent on gender and age. At the end of the work, the most inaccurately stated pros and cons of orthognathic operations were evaluated, the respondents also answered the question of whether they would undergo the elitis operation again after their experiences.
Material and methodology: The study follows the research of MDDr. Borunská from 2015, which used a questionnaire to examine the difference in my self-awareness in patients without labia/orthodontically treated/orthognathic patients. A set of patients indicated for orthognathic surgery was used for this study. From this group, 88 patients underwent MDDr. Borun orthognathic surgery 30 of them and 21 patients were willing to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire was repeatedly sent to them, and the resulting score of the difference between the values of the Rosenberg self-esteem test (change in self-awareness) and the NEO test (change in the value of extraversion) was compared.
Results: Changing the difference of the Rosenberg test before and after the test did not show a statistically significant change in the score. There was a statistically significant decrease in extraversion values in the NEO test, i.e. a drop in value. Furthermore, the potential influence of the values of the Rosenberg test and extraversion on gender was investigated. Only the fact that extraversion values decreased in women was confirmed. Another goal was to confirm the correlation between the patient's age and the change in self-awareness. However, there was a statistically significant increase in values only for extraversion values, and the older the patients, the higher the extraversion values. In 7 cases, postoperative pain was among the least reported negative effects of surgery, 6 respondents reported numbness of the chin and lower lip, 4 reported liquid diet and the way of eating in the postoperative period, and 2 respondents reported postoperative swelling. In 12 cases, the least reported benefits were appearance (including profile), 7 respondents reported a better bite, 5 respondents reported an increase in self-confidence, and 2 respondents reported easier contact. In 18 cases, respondents stated that they would undergo orthognathic surgery again, 3 would not.
Conclusion: After orthognathic surgery, there were no statistically significant changes in the self-consciousness of the respondent. The relationship between self-confidence and the patient's age has not been statistically proven, with extroversion we can talk about a trend - the older the patient, the more extroverted he is. The dependence of changes in self-esteem on gender has not been proven. There is a statistically significant difference only in the values of extraversion in women, when extraversion was reduced after orthognathic surgery. 55% of the respondents stated that the main positive of orthognathic surgery was a better appearance including the profile, 33% a better bite, 24% an increase in self-confidence and 10% easier establishing interpersonal relationships. The least recurring negative of orthognathic surgery was postoperative pain in 33%, numbness of the chin and lower lip in 29%, discomfort while eating in 19%, and swelling in 10%. Of the selected patient sample, 86% of respondents would undergo orthognathic surgery again, 14% would not. No statistically significant relationship between self-esteem and falsely stated benefits and negatives of orthognathic operations was demonstrated.