Difficult situations in the assessment of aortic stenosis

Abstract

The assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis relies primarily on echocardiography. If discordant parameters are found, measurement errors should be excluded, aortic valve morphology and calcification should be evaluated by CT, and left ventricular response assessed.

Pitfalls of aortic stenosis quantification and the role of cardiac amyloidosis are discussed.

Keywords

• low gradient aortic stenosis
• heart failure
• left ventricular outflow tract
• transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis