Abstract
Global warming is an important driver of recent and projected future changes in the distribution of species (Urban, 2015; Kerr, 2020), and its effects have become evident in various ecosystems and taxonomic groups worldwide (Parmesan and Yohe, 2003; Parmesan, 2006; Baldwin et al., 2014; IPCC, 2014). Along with global warming, increases in the frequency and magnitude of extreme climatic events (IPCC, 2013, 2014) are being proposed as one of the causes of present-day extinction of species (Root et al., 2003; Urban, 2015).
A warming climate can have cascading effects on plant populations and community dynamics and ultimately on plant distribution.