Abstract
The ever-increasing incidence of prostate cancer is driving research and clinicians efforts to manage the disease more precisely. Leaving aside the progress we are making in the field of prostate cancer treatment, we can notice the pressure on accurate diagnosis in everyday practice.
We often meet patients who are in the so-called gray zone and we are not sure whether to indicate a prostate biopsy or continue to monitor the patient. For diagnostics, we use a number of more or less proven methods that we have at our disposal.
No clinical urologist wants to send their patient for a prostate biopsy unnecessarily. However, if the patient is finally planned for a prostate biopsy, there is no 100% certainty that we will detect the cancer.
For this reason, there is an effort to develop other methods that would refine the collection of histological material and thus increase the capture of those patients who need treatment. The aim of this review is to show modern approaches to diagnostics and outline the direction in which diagnostics will go in the coming years.