The monograph focuses on the project, the content, and the response to the publication The Equivalence of European Breeds and Ways to Their Improvement (1934), which is often seen as the first European public protest against racial ideology in scientific work, especially against Nazi racial hygiene. The interdisciplinary author team aimed to not only commemorate the forgotten demonstrative action seeking international acclaim, but above all to map its roots, assess its resonance, and place the central theses, argumentative strategies, and views of the main actors in the context of contemporary anthropological and eugenic thought.