Preservation of fertility in young patients with breast cancer, including BRCA1, BRCA2 mutation carriers
Abstract
Preservation of fertility in cancer patients, also known as oncofertility, is a relatively new trend. For breast cancer patients with unfulfilled reproductive plans, the possibility of starting a family is a fundamental parameter of quality of life after overcoming cancer.
This review aims to summarize current information on fertility preservation options for young patients. Available and effective options for preserving fertility include cryopreservation of oocytes/embryos or cryopreservation of ovarian tissue.
When evaluating individual strategies, it is necessary to carefully consider the patient's characteristics, her disease, and the type of treatment. Preservation of ovarian function using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHa) agonists during chemotherapy should be offered to every premenopausal patient who is concerned about the development of premature ovarian insufficiency, regardless of her desire to preserve fertility.
Currently, available results confirm that pregnancy that occurs after successful breast cancer treatment is safe in terms of long-term clinical outcomes for both the woman and the child. Fertility preservation should be one of the cornerstones of multidisciplinary care for young women with breast cancer.