Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is significantly involved in development of diabetic nephropathy the risk increases with the intensity and duration of smoking.
Smoking also has a negative role in dialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients. Pathogenetically, increased fibroelastic proliferation and hyaline thickening of the intima of arterioles, increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, procoagulant and proinflammatory state and sympathetic activation in smokers are applied.
Smoking cessation significantly reduces the risk of CKD. Tobacco dependence treatment in patients with CKD is based on the same principle as in the general population, including the possibility of using pharmacotherapy to suppress withdrawal symptoms.