Abstrakt
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in a range of physical, mental, or even psychiatric symptoms. Despite outstanding progress in the development of novel therapeutic agents for MS in recent years, we are still far from discovering an ultimate drug for MS.
Various groups of leukocytes have been shown to play either a pathological role in MS (e.g., CD4+ T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells as well as CD8+ T cells, macrophages, microglia, and B cells) or a protective role in the development of MS (e.g., Tregs, CD56bright NK cells, MDSCs, and foamy macrophages). The aim of this chapter is to describe the role of specific groups of leukocytes in the attenuation or progression of neuroinflammation in MS and its model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to discuss the use of different therapies targeting leukocytes to attenuate neuroinflammation in MS.