Abstract
The chapter in the book is a scientific commentary on Burian's paintings, covering the evolution of primates from the perspective of contemporary paleoanthropology and evolutionary science. The content covers the evolution of primates from their origin to the emergence of the earliest hominins, the ancestors of man.
Changes in the understanding of the origin of primates, the origin and evolution of higher primates, and the origin and evolution of apes in the Miocene, including the origin and evolution of hominins, are explained in scientific terms. Commentary is also provided with respect to changes in views on some important paintings by Burian and their scientific interpretation.