The aim of this article is to draw attention to the non-compliance of Czech enactment and possibilities of collective bargaining in civil service in the light of non-legally binding interpretation of responsible state institution (Department of civil service) with the requirements of the Conventions n. 98 and 154 of International Labour Organization, which the Czech Republic ratified and hence are legally binding, and with decisions of the Freedom of Association Committee relevant for these Conventions. After several years, the area of law is regrettably still unclear and considerably disputable as regards its interpretation.