Rap from the City of Ruins (Banned protest song by Mozambican duo Gpro Fam)

Abstract

Twenty years ago, the Mozambican hip-hop duo Gpro Fam came out with the song País da Marrabenta, the lyrics of which openly criticize the socio-political conditions in the former Portuguese colony. What is the background of the song, which was pulled from local radio stations under pressure from the ruling party and has not been heard on the air since?

Keywords

• Mozambique
• rap
• censorship
• radio
• policy