The use of vibrating quartz forks in cryogenic helium research - On their ability to detect an externally applied flow in superfluid 4He
2009
Abstract
Quartz tuning forks mass-produced as frequency standards for watches proved to serve as very useful tools for generating and probing flows of gaseous and liquid helium. Their cryogenic use as thermometers, pressure- and viscosimeters as well as generators and detectors of cavitation and turbulence has been recently discussed.