Abstract
In a series of articles and manuscripts Dunning, Kruger and their collaborators argued that the unskilled lack the metacognitive ability to realize their incompetence. We propose that the alleged unskilled-and-unaware problem - rather than being one of biased judgements - is a signal extraction problem that differs for the skilled and the unskilled.
Specifically, the unskilled face a tougher inference problem than the skilled.