First Attempt at the Independence in Kazakhstan: Intelligentsia and National Movement "Alash" at the Beginning of the 20th Century
Abstract
This paper deals with the formation, history and leading figures of the national-liberation movement of Kazakhs Alash, which was the important milestone in development and culture of the Kazakhian nation at all. Analysis of the movement in question in the Russian empire and its continuation in the Soviet Union represents one of the amount of topics, which were in the past put into the taboo and which are now accessible.
This movement and intelligentsia of the similar liberal thought at all was in the Soviet era considered to be "bourgeois-nationalistic", i.e. anti-socialistic and as result both of it were denounced or put into the taboo. This paper draws from both present literature biographies and contemporary writings, and these sources are supplemented by studies of leading specialists on that topic.